A
cosmological model: The twin bang. (p 5.)
...Returning
to our VLS model, the immediate question is:
- Can the presence of such ghost matter's clumps produce some observable phenomenon
?
...We
cannot perform direct optical observation, for we cannot receive the "ghost
light" emitted by such ghost clumps. But these latter produce inverse negative
lensing effect. See:
- J.P.Petit: Twin Universe Cosmology: Astronomy and Space Science 226
: 273-307, 1995 and Geometrical Physics A, 2, section 4.
- J.P.Petit and P.Midy: Repulsive dark matter. Geometrical Physics A,
3, 1998, section 6.
- J.P.Petit and P.Midy: Matter ghost matter astrophysics. 2: Conjugated
steady state metrics. Exact solutions. Geometrical Physics A, 5,
1998, section 4.(159)
...Analogy
with lens:
(160)
...When
one observes a landscape through a divergent lens (for example ping-pong balls
hung at a distance), we get the figure (161)
(161)
...Then,
if such ghost matter's clumps are located at the center of each cell of the
VLS, they would modify the appearance of distant, large red shift objects.
The influence on the background is very sensitive on the characteristic diameter
f of the clumps. See:
J.P.Petit, P.Midy and and F.Landsheat: Matter ghost matter astrophysics.
5: Results of numerical 2d simulations. VLS. About a possible schema for
galaxies' formation. Geometrical Physics A, 8, 1998., section 3, formula
(23) and figure 18.
...In
his book: Principles of Physical Cosmology, Princeton Series in Physics,
1993, P.J.E.Peebles points out the presence of large number of dwarf galaxies
at large red shifts.
...Classical
interpretation: Dwarf galaxies would form first, then turn into bigger objects
by merging, cannibalism.
Our model suggests an alternative
interpretation.
Towards a theory of the galaxies'
formation.
...As
we pointed out in preceding sections, the description of the early universe,
immediately after decoupling, is difficult to handle. In our simulations we
have decoupled the phenomena, assuming that:
- The expansion occurs first and
gives certain "initial conditions":
r , r* , T , T*
- Then the joint gravitational
instabilities occur and produce VLS.
...This
is not true. If such a mechanism occurs, it must take place during the
expansion process, not after. This work is just indicative. It's a
qualitative support for the general idea ( in addition it's supported by 2d
simulations!). In our mind all the processes would occur together:
-
Cosmic expansion
-
Matter and ghost matter cooling
-
Joint gravitational instability,
giving proto-VLS -
Formation of galaxies.
-
Birth of primeval stars.
...Starting
from our qualitative results, perhaps we can outline a possible scenario of
the galaxies' birth.
...When
a clump forms, matter is warmed. Internal pressure grows and prevents the contraction.
To condense, to shrink, the object must eject its internal energy by radiative
cooling. A spheric object owns the minimum emission surface. Oppositely a
plate with weak thickness is optimum for radiative cooling.
...If
ghost matter forms, they repel matter in the remnant place, along surfaces
which are like a soap bubbles' wall. Clumps compress matter, acting on it
by repulsive forces, on both sides. See:
Geometrical Physics A, 8, 1998], section 4, figures 19, 20 et 21.
...Density
and temperature grow in matter, but, due to this peculiar geometry, the matter
plates get cooled fastly by radiation emission. It makes them unstable with
respect to gravitational instability. Then they produce clumps ( the proto-galaxies
). Hot (invisible) ghost matter invades immediately the available space, between
them, and produces a confinement effect.
...The
schema of confinement is the same as the one suggested by J.M.Souriau ( except
ghost matter's clumps cannot exist in his model ). We get galaxies, imbedded
in almost uniform hot ghost matter environment.
(162)
See our paper:
J.P.Petit and P.Midy: Repulsive dark matter. Geometrical Physics A, 3,
1998, section 2.
Can ghost matter confine
spheroidal objects ?
...It
seems a puzzling question for a theoretician, who would tend to answer immediately:
- No. It should contradict Gauss'
theorem!
(163)
See our paper:
J.P.Petit and P.Midy: Matter-ghost matter astrophysics. 7: Confinement
of spheroidal galaxies by surrounding ghost matter. Geometrical Physics A,
10, 1998.
...We
have a spheroidal mass, surrounded by an uniform, unbounded medium. We can
schematize as shown on figure (164).
(164)
One will say:
- Take a thin shell ( r ; r +
dr ) filled by constant density material.
(164 bis)
...It
creates a newtonian field and, from Gauss theorem, the newtonian field inside
is zero. No extend this to infinite. As a conclusion, an infinite distribution
of uniform ghost matter produces a zero field inside a spherical hole. But
:
Infinite:
to be handled carefully.
