Spiral structure Matter ghost matter astrophysics.6. Spiral structure.(p1)
Comments.
This work dates from 1994. It was only possible because Frédéric Landsheat, who was then a student at the German particle physics center DAISY, had access to a large system. It was carried out entirely in secret. When, after defending his thesis on data acquisition systems, he moved to another center, this activity was interrupted. No complementary work has been carried out since that date, and we have not succeeded in attracting the interest of French researchers, who have the appropriate computing resources, to this research topic.
If a team in France or abroad wanted to resume these exploratory studies, we would be very pleased. This work was submitted to many peer-reviewed publication journals, always accompanied by the film showing the formation of the barred galaxy, which was very suggestive. But none of them submitted it to a referee, contenting themselves with stereotypical responses such as:
- Sorry, we don't publish speculative works.
This essay is only a very rough draft. A galaxy is by no means reducible to a single population of point masses. Moreover, the spiral structure phenomenon does not affect the whole galaxy, but mainly the interstellar gas, with population I being much less sensitive to the phenomenon. It would therefore be necessary to consider simulations with two populations, describing the galaxy itself. It would also be necessary to represent the galaxy as it is confined by ghost matter, if this model is valid, that is to say surrounded by repulsive and relatively hot matter.
The parameters modulating the initial conditions are numerous: density ratios, agitation speed in the two media, density profiles in the galaxy, velocity profiles. The transition to 3D raises the problem of the insufficient power of current systems.
What should be retained from such a study?
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A scenario for the formation of spiral galaxies, the phenomenon being then permanent and not "transient", as in the French Françoise Combe's theory. A structure that would form quite quickly, probably right from the galaxy's birth.
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The persistence of such a structure for a large number of turns. We know that other models are confronted with the difficulty of maintaining this spiral structure. It is a dissipative phenomenon, whether it is in the initial phase, which suggests dynamic friction, or in the following phase, dominated by tidal effects. During the braking occurring in the first phase, the angular momentum lost by the galaxy is transferred to the surrounding ghost matter. After that, this transfer remains minimal.
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The presence of ghost matter constitutes a potential barrier at the periphery, where its repulsive power is the strongest (as in the confinement of the galaxy, allowing for peripheral super-velocities, see article Repulsive dark matter, Geometrical Physics A, 3). This could explain the non-escape of the point masses accelerated by the dissipative process.
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It is interesting to note that by slightly varying the initial conditions (especially the mass ratio involved), we see the spiral structure evolve into a kind of barred wheel, typical in observations of galaxies.
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In later works, we will study the effects of joint metric fluctuations, which have the effect of modifying the apparent mass ratio of the two species. When the apparent mass of ghost matter decreases, the confinement is affected and the galaxy disintegrates. We simulated this phenomenon in 1994 and obtained images of irregular galaxies (but one cannot say there is an "irregular galaxy-type"). An increase in the apparent mass of ghost matter, which we believe could be responsible for QSO and Seyfert galaxy phenomena due to its effect on interstellar gas, could also, if it lasts long enough, transform "barred wheels" into spiral galaxies, the arms, as it were, "unfolding".
It is a pity that such fascinating research, which could be the subject of many theses, is left abandoned.
